# Frequency

> Source: [Frequency in the Smarter.Poker Glossary](https://smarter.poker/glossary/frequency)

## Definition
Frequency Is How Often A Player Takes An Action In A Given Spot Across Their Whole Range, For Example Betting 65 Percent Of The Time On A Particular Flop. Solvers Express Strategy As Frequencies Rather Than Fixed Rules, And Matching Sensible Frequencies Is What Keeps A Player Hard To Read And Hard To Exploit.

- **Category**: Theory
- **Term Code**: `frequency`
- **DefinedTermSet**: [Smarter.Poker Poker Glossary](https://smarter.poker/glossary)

## Related Poker Terms

- [Mixed Strategy](https://smarter.poker/glossary/mixed-strategy) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/glossary/mixed-strategy.md)): A Mixed Strategy Plays The Same Hand In Different Ways At Set Frequencies, For Example Betting A Hand 60 Percent Of The Time And Checking It 40 Percent. Solvers Produce Mixed Strategies When Two Actions Have Nearly Equal Expected Value, And Mixing Keeps Each Line Balanced So An Opponent Cannot Read The Hand From The Action.
- [GTO (Game Theory Optimal)](https://smarter.poker/glossary/gto) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/glossary/gto.md)): GTO, Or Game Theory Optimal, Describes A Strategy That Cannot Be Exploited, Because No Opposing Strategy Can Win Against It In The Long Run. In Poker It Approximates A Nash Equilibrium Computed By A Solver. Players Study GTO To Build A Sound Baseline, Then Adjust Away From It To Exploit The Specific Mistakes Of Real Opponents.
- [Range](https://smarter.poker/glossary/range) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/glossary/range.md)): A Range Is The Full Set Of Hands A Player Could Hold In A Given Spot, Based On Their Position And Every Action So Far. Strong Players Think In Ranges Rather Than Single Hands, Because Opponents Act With Many Hands In The Same Way. Reading A Range Means Narrowing It Street By Street As New Actions Arrive.
- [MDF (Minimum Defense Frequency)](https://smarter.poker/glossary/mdf) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/glossary/mdf.md)): Minimum Defense Frequency, Or MDF, Is The Share Of Your Range You Must Continue With So That An Opponent's Bluff Cannot Profit Automatically. It Equals The Pot Divided By The Pot Plus The Bet, So Facing A Pot Sized Bet You Defend At Least Half Your Range. It Is A Guideline, Not A Rule, Against Opponents Who Rarely Bluff.

## Related Strategy Lessons

- [Preflop Opening Ranges By Position](https://smarter.poker/learn/preflop-ranges-by-position) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/learn/preflop-ranges-by-position.md)): In 6 Max Cash At 100 Big Blinds, Opening Ranges Widen As The Seat Moves Toward The Button: In The Smarter.Poker Reference The Under The Gun Seat Opens 8.4% Of Hands By Frequency And The Button Opens 25.2%.
- [Middle Position Opening Range, 6 Max](https://smarter.poker/learn/middle-position-opening-range) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/learn/middle-position-opening-range.md)): In The Smarter.Poker 6 Max Cash Reference At 100 Big Blinds, The Middle Position Seat Opens 10.9% Of All Starting Hands By Frequency And Plays 17.3% Of Them At Least Some Of The Time, With The Full Chart Below.
- [Minimum Defense Frequency (MDF)](https://smarter.poker/learn/minimum-defense-frequency) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/learn/minimum-defense-frequency.md)): Minimum Defense Frequency Is The Share Of Your Range You Must Continue With So A Bluff Cannot Profit Automatically: Against A Pot Sized Bet It Is 50%, And Against A Half Pot Bet It Is 66.7%.
- [Mixed Strategies And Frequencies](https://smarter.poker/learn/mixed-strategies) ([Markdown](https://smarter.poker/learn/mixed-strategies.md)): A Mixed Strategy Plays The Same Hand In More Than One Way At Set Frequencies, So That Opponents Cannot Tell Which Action A Hand Will Take: In The Smarter.Poker Preflop Reference, For Example, A5s Is Opened From Under The Gun 52% Of The Time And Folded The Rest.

## Practice On Smarter.Poker

- [GTO Training](https://smarter.poker/hub/training): Scenario Based Poker Training, Free To Play.
- [Virtual Poker Table Sandbox](https://smarter.poker/features/virtual-poker-sandbox): Interactive Multi-Street Hand And Range Scenario Explorer.

## Compliance & Fair Play

There Is No Real-Money Gambling On Smarter.Poker: Club Chips Are Play Credits With No Cash Value, And Diamonds Are A Promotional Rewards Currency.